~ `Deep –Linking:
Deep-Linking is what we are doing in many of the endnote embedded hot-links here.
Many commercial website owners want to prevent deep-linking and to instead redirect any traffic linked to their web domain first to their advertisement filled homepage.
Cyber-activists believe the right to deep-link is essential for the World Wide Web to be a truly free place for the exchange of information. Commercial Internet portals believe their copyrights give them the right to control access to their deep-linked information.[15] ~~ tp
-----------
[14] For further reading on this important matter, the American Library Association's
website has a page dedicated to Deep-Link issues @ http://www.ala.org/alaorg/oif/deeplinking.html .
Last accessed
Mr. Larry Neal, deputy chief of staff for Senator Phil Gramm (Republican-Texas), in response to a New York Times reporter on the impact of e-mail lobby campaigns stated:
"The communication that Sen. Gramm values most certainly does not arrive by wire. It is the one where someone sat down at a kitchen table, got a sheet of lined paper and a No. 2 pencil, and poured their heart into a letter." [69]
It is axiomatic in the lobbying game that a hand-written letter by a concerned constituent has by far the strongest impact on an elected representative.
As well, the more personal and relevant to the voter’s life the communication is, the more likely the letter will elicit a genuinely interested response from the representative's office.
When a family without health insurance and mounting medical bills writes to their elected representative about Health Care Legislation, they will most surely get a personalized response.
Other personalized contacts from the home district[70] like impassioned telephone calls and even hand written postcards also carry some weight.
Mass snail-mail-letters and postcards, where people just sign at the bottom of a form are weighed much less by elected officials. E-mails as we shall see are practically "mass-less", carrying almost no political weight. ~~ Technopolitical
Notes:
[69] Raney, New York Times . E-Mail Gets the Cold Shoulder in Congress, December 13, 200I
Accessed on date of publication @ http://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/13/technology/circuits/13CONG.html
"Get Out the Vote: The Web has become a must tool for most political lobbyists. Some do it better than others"
By MICHAEL TOTTY
http://online.wsj.com/article_email/0,,SB1018650866755190720,00.html
"The Congress Online Project, a research program by George Washington University and the Congressional Management Foundation, last year completed a study of the use of e-mail by members of Congress. While the study found that all but about two dozen House and Senate offices regularly used e-mail to communicate with constituents, it also found that Congress was unable to keep pace with a flood of electronic missives: Representatives received more than 48 million messages from constituents in 2000, up from 20 million in 1998, and the numbers are rising by an average of a million messages a month."
&&&
One of the Best Early Studies. Very Historical, ~tb
Assessing E-Government: The Internet, Democracy, and Service Delivery
by State and Federal Governments
by Darrell M. West
Brown University
Providence, RI 02912
(401) 863-1163
Email: Darrell_West@brown.edu
September, 2000
http://www.insidepolitics.org/egovtreport00.html
last accessed March 18 2009
A Brief History of
CYBER-
ELECTIONEERING
from 1992 to 1996.
The history of the Cyber-Electioneering began in 1992 when the Democratic Presidential ticket of Governor Bill Clinton and Senator Al Gore posted a website with "full texts of speeches, advertisements and position papers, as well as biographical information."[88] Being a minuscule amount of the American population had Internet access at the time [89] the website was more a novelty than anything else.
Four years latter though in 1996 --- after Window 95 and Internet Explorer was introduced—an election day exit poll by the Voter News Service[90] showed 26% of American voters to be regular Internet users.[91] Realizing this growing trend earlier that year, 1996 Republican presidential nominee Bob Dole felt compelled to announce his campaign's website address at the end of his first nationally televised debate with President Bill Clinton.[92] It did not help, and he lost the race anyway.
~~~ This is the earliest academic electronic posting I have found reviewing the lack effectiveness of Email - Cyber -Lobbying. Cyber-Lobbying will never match the power of hand-written letters and grassroots voter action. ~
~~ `Technopolitical ~~ `
by Phil Agre April 1996
"This type of chain-letter petition can also counterproductively annoy the legislative staffers and other lowly individuals who are supposed to open the petitions when they arrive in the mail. The problem lies in the mathematics of Internet chain letters."
"Most of them, for one thing, have been very badly designed. They usually have no cut-off date, source of background information, signature from the organization or individual who is sponsoring the alert, or instruction to post the alert only where appropriate. As a result, these alerts have caused a lot of disruption and annoyance all around the net, and it would not surprise me if the negative sentiment they cause outweighs the positive benefit of the actions they encourage."
http://www.oneworld.net/anydoc_mc.cgi?url=http://www.netaction.org/training/
by Phil Agre April 1996
"Feel free to circulate this article for any noncommercial purpose.
Department of Information Studies
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California 90095-1520
USA"
pagre@ucla.edu
http://dlis.gseis.ucla.edu/pagre/
